先创建一个视图

Create view fielddesc   
as
select o.name as table_name,c.name as field_name,t.name as type,c.length as

length,c.isnullable as isnullable,convert(varchar(30),p.value) as desp
from syscolumns c 
join systypes t on c.xtype = t.xusertype
join sysobjects o on o.id=c.id
left join    sysproperties p on p.smallid=c.colid and p.id=o.id   
where o.xtype='U'

查询时:
Select * from fielddesc where table_name = '你的表名'

还有个更强的语句，是邹建写的，也写出来吧

SELECT
 (case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end) N'表名',
 a.colorder N'字段序号',
 a.name N'字段名',
 (case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end) N'标识',
 (case when (SELECT count(*)
 FROM sysobjects
 WHERE (name in
           (SELECT name
          FROM sysindexes
          WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in
                    (SELECT indid
                   FROM sysindexkeys
                   WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in
                             (SELECT colid
                            FROM syscolumns
                            WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND
        (xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) N'主键',
 b.name N'类型',
 a.length N'占用字节数',
 COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as N'长度',
 isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as N'小数位数',
 (case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) N'允许空',
 isnull(e.text,'') N'默认值',
 isnull(g.[value],'') AS N'字段说明'
--into ##tx

FROM  syscolumns  a left join systypes b
on  a.xtype=b.xusertype
inner join sysobjects d
on a.id=d.id  and  d.xtype='U' and  d.name<>'dtproperties'
left join syscomments e
on a.cdefault=e.id
left join sysproperties g
on a.id=g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid 
order by object_name(a.id),a.colorder