The memory functions operate on arrays of characters in memory called memory areas. These subroutines enable you to:

• Locate a character within a memory area
• Copy characters between memory areas
• Compare contents of memory areas
• Set a memory area to a value.

You do not need to specify any special flag to the compiler in order to use the memory functions. However, you must include the header file for these functions in your program. To include the header file, use the following statement:

#include <memory.h>

The following memory services are provided:

compare_and_swap	Compares and swaps data
fetch_and_add	Updates a single word variable atomically
fetch_and_and or fetch_and_or	Set or clear bits in a single word variable atomically
malloc, free, realloc, calloc, mallopt, mallinfo, or alloca	Allocate memory
memccpy, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memset or memmove	Perform memory operations.

moncontrol	Starts and stops execution profiling after initialization by the monitor subroutine
monitor	Starts and stops execution profiling using data areas defined in the function parameters
monstartup	Starts and stops execution profiling using default-sized data areas
msem_init	Initializes a semaphore in a mapped file or shared memory region
msem_lock	Locks a semaphore
msem_remove	Removes a semaphore
msem_unlock	Unlocks a semaphore
msleep	Puts a process to sleep when a semaphore is busy
mwakeup	Wakes up a process that is waiting on a semaphore
disclaim	Disclaims the content of a memory address range
ftok	Generates a standard interprocess communication key
getpagesize	Gets the system page size
psdanger	Defines the amount of free paging space available
shmat	Attaches a shared memory segment or a mapped file to the current process
shmctl	Controls shared memory operations
shmdt	Detaches a shared memory segment
shmget	Gets a shared memory segment
swapon	Activates paging or swapping to a designated block device
swapqry	Returns device status